Means of communication
a. Verbal - oral and written
b. Non-verbal- sign language and body language
a. Verbal Communication
The word 'verbal' means connected with words and the use of words. Human beings are the only species gifted with the use of words that makes language words as the most accurate and powerful sets of symbols. That is why it is observed that all serious or formal communication is in words. And the words may be spoken or written.
Oral Communication
oral use of language acts as the first binding factor between one person and another. In an organization, setting oral communication can take different forms in different situations.
a) Downward Communication- lectures,meetings,speeches, counseling.
b)Upward Communication- conferences,union channel, face-to-face conversation.
c)Horizontal Communication- meeting,conference,social activities.
d)Diagonal communication- meetings,group-discussion, brain-stroming exercise.
Advantages
1. Time saving.
2. It builds up a healthy environment.
3. It gets immediate feedback.
4. It provides the speaker opportunity to correct himself.
Limitations
1. In the absence of record, oral message don't havelegal validity.
2. There is high chance of misunderstanding.
3. It cannot always be retained in the listener's memory.
4. It becomes difficult to fix for anything that goes wrong.
Written Communication
Written communication requires a lot of effort. It is a creative activity that requires a lot of imagination and effort to arrive at the finished product. It is based on conscious effort.
Advantages
1. Provides us records, references,etc. on which important decisions rest.
2. Builds up the legal defences of the organization.
3. It can be checked for accuracy.
4. Provides uniformity of policy and procedure and builds up proper guidelines for the working of the organization.
Limitations
1. It is time consuming.
2. It is costly in terms of money and man hours.
3. Absence of immediate clarification.
4. Written materials may leak out before time.
b. Non-verbal communication
Non-verbal communication is that message expressed by other than linguistic means. It may be in the form of sign language or body language.
Sign Language
From the immemorial, man has been using visual and audio signs or in the words,pictures,drawings to convey messages. A picture is worth a thousand words. A drawing or a picture makes or gives a concrete impression. For example, no smoking sign, danger sign, road signs, etc.
a. Verbal - oral and written
b. Non-verbal- sign language and body language
a. Verbal Communication
The word 'verbal' means connected with words and the use of words. Human beings are the only species gifted with the use of words that makes language words as the most accurate and powerful sets of symbols. That is why it is observed that all serious or formal communication is in words. And the words may be spoken or written.
Oral Communication
oral use of language acts as the first binding factor between one person and another. In an organization, setting oral communication can take different forms in different situations.
a) Downward Communication- lectures,meetings,speeches, counseling.
b)Upward Communication- conferences,union channel, face-to-face conversation.
c)Horizontal Communication- meeting,conference,social activities.
d)Diagonal communication- meetings,group-discussion, brain-stroming exercise.
Advantages
1. Time saving.
2. It builds up a healthy environment.
3. It gets immediate feedback.
4. It provides the speaker opportunity to correct himself.
Limitations
1. In the absence of record, oral message don't havelegal validity.
2. There is high chance of misunderstanding.
3. It cannot always be retained in the listener's memory.
4. It becomes difficult to fix for anything that goes wrong.
Written Communication
Written communication requires a lot of effort. It is a creative activity that requires a lot of imagination and effort to arrive at the finished product. It is based on conscious effort.
Advantages
1. Provides us records, references,etc. on which important decisions rest.
2. Builds up the legal defences of the organization.
3. It can be checked for accuracy.
4. Provides uniformity of policy and procedure and builds up proper guidelines for the working of the organization.
Limitations
1. It is time consuming.
2. It is costly in terms of money and man hours.
3. Absence of immediate clarification.
4. Written materials may leak out before time.
b. Non-verbal communication
Non-verbal communication is that message expressed by other than linguistic means. It may be in the form of sign language or body language.
Sign Language
From the immemorial, man has been using visual and audio signs or in the words,pictures,drawings to convey messages. A picture is worth a thousand words. A drawing or a picture makes or gives a concrete impression. For example, no smoking sign, danger sign, road signs, etc.
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